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J. H. Green and P. I. Hill

Early Probable Maximum Flood (PMF) studies and spillway adequacy assessments for Hume Dam adopted the standards based approach of the time. Since then considerable work and thought has gone into the estimation of extreme floods – both the philosophy and the practice. These changes include the general change in emphasis away from a standards based approach and towards risk assessment; the move towards an AEP-neutral approach for the transformation of extreme rainfalls to extreme floods; and the redefinition of both the PMP and the PMF.

This paper details the effect these and other changes to extreme flood estimation techniques have had on the perceived adequacy of the Hume Dam spillway to pass extreme floods.

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1998 Papers

1998 – Developments in Extreme Flood Estimation Techniques – Hume Dam: A Case Study
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J. H. Green and P. I. Hill

Early Probable Maximum Flood (PMF) studies and spillway adequacy assessments for Hume Dam adopted the standards based approach of the time. Since then considerable work and thought has gone into the estimation of extreme floods – both the philosophy and the practice. These changes include the general change in emphasis away from a standards based approach and towards risk assessment; the move towards an AEP-neutral approach for the transformation of extreme rainfalls to extreme floods; and the redefinition of both the PMP and the PMF.

This paper details the effect these and other changes to extreme flood estimation techniques have had on the perceived adequacy of the Hume Dam spillway to pass extreme floods.
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1998 Papers

1998 – Risk Assessment for Hume Dam – Lessons from Estimating the Chance of Failure
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Leonard A McDonald and Chi Fai Wan

A risk assessment has been undertaken as part of a comprehensive review of the safety of Hume Dam. Use of risk assessment techniques, to assist in evaluating the safety of existing dams, is a relatively recent trend. Hume Dam was a particularly challenging subject for the application of risk assessment techniques at their present stage of development. The challenge lay in the number and diversity of dam elements to be analysed, in the number and complexity of the potential failure modes and in the fact that there were significant safety issues under normal operating conditions.

This paper outlines some of the key lessons learned from that phase of the risk assessment that was concerned with estimating the chance of dam failure. Some of the issues discussed have not previously been addressed in the literature and some demonstrate a clear need for improved analysis procedures.
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2000 Papers

2000 – Hume Dam Rehabilitation – An Owner’s Perspective
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David Dole and Brian Haisman

The $75 million remedial works at Hume Dam on the Murray River near Albury have been of national significance. The rehabilitation program associated with the structure itself and with its appurtenant works is now in the final steps of construction. The authors summarise this program with an emphasis not on technical details, but on decision processes. Equity in this dam is, in effect, held in equal parts by three State governments and by the Commonwealth government. At the same time, in response to the national water reform agenda, the governments have agreed upon new cost sharing arrangements that more nearly reflect the value of services to each government. The particular problems of decision-making within this evolving inter-State environment are discussed.

Lessons from experiments with application of risk analysis are discussed. Finally, the matter of adequacy of the structure for extreme floods is still under consideration. Hume Dam will presently pass the Design Flood developed in accord with Book VI (1999) of Australian Rainfall and Runoff, and the Dam Crest Flood has been estimated to have an annual exceedance probability of 1:110,000. _ Retrofitting a spillway to pass the estimated Probable Maximum Flood will double the cost of remedial works and is estimated at 10 times the cost of similar capacity built into original construction. The authors discuss the public policy elements of this pending decision.
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2003 Papers

2003 – Can Cold Water Pollution Be Mitigated Below Hume Dam?
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B.S. Sherman

Cold water pollution occurs downstream of many Australian dams when water is released from well below the surface layer of a stratified reservoir during spring and summer. Water temperature can be depressed by 8 °C or more and this may impact negatively upon the survival and growth of native Australian fishes.

After many years in the ‘too hard basket’, mitigation of cold water pollution below dams is receiving increasing attention in Australia. Hume Dam is a case in point. Hume Reservoir, one of the largest irrigation reservoirs in Australia, has a high throughput of water (short residence time) and receives unseasonably cold water from Dartmouth Dam on the Mitta Mitta River and the Snowy Mountains Hydro Scheme on the Murray River.

The maximum possible discharge temperature below Hume Dam may be constrained by geomorphic and climatic features beyond human control. Specifically, the relatively short residence time of water may limit the extent to which it can heat up in the reservoir prior to discharge downstream. Here I present a heat budget for Lake Hume and address the question, “How much can we improve the thermal regime below Hume Dam.”
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2004 Papers

2004 – Dam Safety Emergency Exercises for Dartmouth Dam, Hume Dam and Yarrawonga Weir
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B Dyer, A Evans, J Titterton

Hume Dam is managed by State Water Corporation, NSW while Dartmouth Dam and Yarrawonga Weir are managed by Goulburn-Murray Water (G-MW),Victoria, all under direction from River Murray Water (RMW).

A series of dam safety emergency exercises commenced with an exercise involving the above agencies and has built up to a multi-agency exercise. The exercises have been designed to test the Dam Safety Emergency Plans, Emergency Action Plans and Flood Operations Plans for these dams under a variety of emergency situations.

These exercises have consisted of a tabletop exercise in 2002 involving the water agencies RMW, G-MW and State Water which presented terrorism and earthquake scenarios; a flood exercise in 2003 for Dartmouth Dam, Hume Dam and Yarrawonga Weir with six control rooms set up at dam sites and water agencies; and a multi agency tabletop flood exercise in 2004 for Hume Dam, involving RMW, G-MW, State Water, Police, SES and local government authorities from both NSW and Victoria.

The third exercise focused on communication and flow of information between agencies, not detailed tactical response.

Outcomes aimed for in these exercises have been improvement in the water agency emergency response plans and inter-agency communications, clarification of roles, responsibilities and capabilities, and to determine opportunities for improved cooperation between agencies.

The exercises highlighted areas which require improvement in the area of emergency response. Implementation of recommendations arising from each exercise is in progress.
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2019 Papers

2019 – Increasing Airspace Management Flexibility at Hume Dam for Better Flood Operations and Environmental Outcomes
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Andrew Bishop, Tom Zouch

A new operating arrangement at Hume Dam is being developed to improve the transition from flood operations to the release of water set aside for delivering environmental flow demands. The arrangement also aims to help manage inherent downstream flood risks associated with this transition and with the requirement to fill the storage.
This paper describes particular flood risks and environmental impacts resulting from the current approach required to meet asset and water resource security priorities during airspace management operations at Hume Dam. It then considers how the new environmental demands have interacted with long-standing operating objectives and airspace management during high inflow periods in ways that have altered the dam operations required to meet operating priorities and manage flood risks.

Critically, requests by environmental managers to start releases can arise sooner and with greater uncertainty compared with releases for meeting irrigation demand following a period of flood operations or airspace management. This difference has led to a more rapid storage filling curve to maximise water resource during periods when inflow rates remain relatively high and catchments are still responsive to rainfall.

The paper details how the new operating arrangement provides greater volumes and more flexible flood mitigation airspace using a discretionary volume of ‘held’ environmental water without otherwise impacting on the flood operations decision-making process. A number of challenges in defining the potential level of benefit and risk, and in understanding trade-offs were faced in negotiating the arrangement. However, the successful development of the approach and agreement to trial it were ultimately achieved by framing the issue as an opportunity to adjust dam operations in a way that seeks mutual benefits for dam operators and environmental managers.

Full adoption of the arrangement would result in greater airspace flexibility during flood operations to better manage risks without affecting water resource. Simultaneously, it provides environmental benefit due to changes in the pattern of releases during the transition period from flood operations to the commencement of environmental water releases as well as during the pre-spill release period.
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2011 Papers

2011 – Hume Dam Spillway Southern Junction Filter and Drainage Works
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Rod Westmore, Andrew George& Robert Wilson

A 2007 risk assessment of Hume Dam concluded that the dam did not satisfy the ANCOLD societal risk criteria for existing dams. The Spillway Southern Junction (SSJ) and its associated failure modes was one of the main contributors to the risk profile.

Upgrade works at the SSJ involved the retro-installation of additional filter and drainage materials in the 40m high embankment immediately downstream of the tower block and central core wall by installation of more than 10,000m of secant caisson drilled columns backfilled with filter and/or drainage materials.

This paper describes the design and construction issues associated with the upgrade works, the equipment and methodologies developed to achieve the principal design objectives of coverage and connectivity of filter and drainage columns, and optimisation of compaction of the backfill materials. It also describes how these requirements were met whilst minimising adverse affects such as vertical deviation, excessive vibration, subsidence of secant filter columns during construction, and clay smearing of the perimeter of individual columns.

Hume Dam Spillway Southern Junction Filter and Drainage Works

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Search Results: “” — Page 1

Andrew Bishop, Tom Zouch