1999 – World Commission on Dams
Dr Judy Henderson
Against a background of several decades of increasingly polarised and acrimonious debate, the World Commission on Dams (WCD) was established in 1998 with a two year mandate to review the development effectiveness of dams, assess alternatives for water resources and energy development and develop internationally acceptable criteria and guidelines for future decision- making. This report discusses the role of large dams in development and the challenges of water resource management in the future. T the work program of the WCD is outlined and progress to date on fulfilling its mandate.
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1999 Papers
1999 – Wingecarribee Reservoir Swamp Failure
Learn moreKumara Arachchi and Kelvin J Lambkin
Wetlands by their very nature act as storages of pollutants and nutrients in systems subject to environmental stresses. Wingecarribee Swamp acted in this manner and enhanced the quality of catchment runoff flowing into the Wingecarribee Reservoir until the structural failure of early August 1998 in which 6000 megalitres of peat and sedimentary material were moved into the Reservoir. Protection of the Swamp’s functions and values is directly related to Sydney Catchment Authority’s core objectives of protecting the environment and protecting public health by supplying drinking water of acceptable quality. Due to the catastrophic failure, water quality in the reservoir and the ecological integrity of the Swamp have been compromised. The incident has also resulted in significant dam safety issues.
This paper describes the dam safety, catchment management and water quality response to the failure of a major peatland which covered 8% of the catchment of Wingecarribee Reservoir in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales.
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1999 Papers
1999 – Full Scale Testing of the 2400 Tonne Capacity Rock Anchor
Learn moreBrian Cavill
Canning Dam is a mass concrete curved gravity structure 466m long and 70m high and is a primary peaking source for the Perth Metropolitan water supply system.
A safety review of Canning Dam concluded that the existing structure does not possess adequate margins of safety under static and dynamic loadings using contemporary dam engineering practices. Given the location and strategic importance of the Canning source, it is imperative that the dam be upgraded to comply with moder standards.
After investigation of alternative remedial measures to strengthen the dam, a permanent post- tensioned anchoring system was chosen.
Of the total of 165 permanent, monitorable and restressable ground anchors to be installed, 70 will consist of 91 x 15.2 mm strands. These are the highest capacity anchors to be installed anywhere in the world. A proving test for this size of anchor was carried out by VSL in September 1998. The results of the test confirmed that the use of 91 x 15.2 mm strand permanent anchors is feasible and that the corrosion protection is assured.
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1999 Papers
1999 – Kinta RCC Dam – Are Over-Simplified Thermal – Structural Analyses Valid?
Learn moreAllan J Crichton , Ikhlef Benzenati, Tony J Qiu and Jon T Williams
The Sg Kinta Dam is a 90 m high Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) gravity dam and is expected to be the first RCC dam in Malaysia when construction commences in 2000. The dam is part of the development of the Ipoh Water supply on mainland Malaysia. A thermal – structural analysis has been completed as part of detailed design using ANSYS finite element analysis software to assess the effect of the heat of hydration of the RCC on resulting structural stresses. The effect of using simple linear elastic material properties on the calculated stresses has been compared to more complex time variant material modulus and creep analyses. From these comparisons it is shown that the simple models overestimate initial stresses and underestimate or cannot predict the long term tensile stresses.
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1999 Papers
1999 – The Application of Risk Management Principles to Municipal Emergency Management Practice
Learn moreMichael Cawood, Roger Jones and Ken Durham
A methodology for local disaster management planning based on Australian/New Zealand Standard AS/NZS 4360:1995 — Risk Management has been developed as an out-working of a Flood Risk Study for Murweh Shire. The methodology has relevance to all local governments, particularly in view of National Disaster Relief Arrangements (NDRA) that now link the extent of NDRA funding available for a re-occurring natural disaster event to the existence of disaster mitigation actions or plans. This places a premium on actions being taken by local governments to mitigate public safety risk at community level.
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1999 Papers
1999 – Dams and the Environment – Issues and Guidelines
Learn moreT.W. Macoun
ANCOLD Environmental Guidelines have been under preparation for a considerable time. A brief for their preparation followed a resolution by the ANCOLD executive in 1991] that:
“ANCOLD should be seen by the profession and the community as a credible and informed source of information on the risks and benefits associated with dam projects.”
Why the guidelines were initiated, why they have taken the time they have to prepare and what they cover are described in this paper.
To the author’s knowledge, they are the only guidelines of their type, addressing the environmental effects of dams and associated works. It is hoped that they generate substantive debate. This paper initiates the public comments phase.
The paper has two purposes:
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° = To introduce the guidelines ° To use the guidelines to introduce this environmental issues session of this conference